刑事犯罪代写 – Evaluation Report – 犯罪心理学代写

supporters of individual liberty such as freedom of carrying guns and be free taxes.

They are believers of conspiracy theory and think that their national sovereignty is always at risk. They are always prepared for attack. They are the right-wing extremists, they adopt violence as they are xenophobic, racists. They are the masterminds of mass shootings, racial violence against men of color and women.

But they are rendered better than violent women, and violent colored men who merely commit minor crimes but are covered vigorously by media (Perry & Scrivens, 2019; Comack & Brickey, 2007).

译文：个人自由的支持者，例如携带枪支的自由和免税。  刑事犯罪代写

他们信奉阴谋论，认为自己的国家主权始终处于危险之中。 他们时刻准备着进攻。 他们是右翼极端分子，他们采取暴力，因为他们是仇外的种族主义者。 他们是大规模枪击、针对有色人种和女性的种族暴力的策划者。

但她们比暴力女性和仅仅犯下轻微罪行但被媒体大力报道的暴力有色人种更好（Perry & Scrivens, 2019; Comack & Brickey, 2007）。

Question 3

The two most important socio-political transformations that began during the fight against HIV /AIDS were when public health authorities started focusing on the wider public rather than just vulnerable groups to HIV (such as homosexual men and drug users). Secondly,

the response of the state to HIV/AIDS as the implementation of criminal law started persecuting the individuals who were considered to be transmitting the virus knowingly to another person. Thus, this law is being misused. As someone could be found guilty regardless of whether or not he or she has transmitted the virus to his or her sexual partner.

Around 115 people faced the nondisclosure of HIV charges during a sexual encounter, thus they were charged for transmitting the virus purposely in Canada. In the 1990s, people were charged with creating obnoxious feelings and transmitting a deadly thing regardless of whether they really have transmitted HIV or not. Therefore,

译文：问题 3

在抗击艾滋病毒/艾滋病期间开始的两个最重要的社会政治变革是，公共卫生当局开始关注更广泛的公众，而不仅仅是艾滋病毒易感人群（例如男同性恋和吸毒者）。 第二，

随着刑法的实施，国家对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的反应开始迫害被认为是故意将病毒传播给他人的个人。 因此，这条法律被滥用了。 因为无论某人是否已将病毒传播给他或她的性伴侣，都可能被判有罪。

大约 115 人在性接触期间面临不公开 HIV 指控，因此他们被指控在加拿大故意传播病毒。 在 1990 年代，人们被指控制造令人讨厌的感觉并传播致命的东西，而不管他们是否真的传播了 HIV。 所以，

crimes become less severe but the criminal charges got aggravated.

Aggravated sexual assault was the most common charge. Thus, the law regarding the criminalization of HIV nondisclosure persecuted people with HIV/AIDS. This law of criminalizing nondisclosure turn every individual who is HIV positive into potential sexual offenders.

The case of Diane further clarifies Patten and Symington’s perception regarding laws concerning HIV non-disclosure. Diane; a French-Canadian woman developed an intimate relationship with a man who met her at her Son’s soccer match. She told her that she is HIV positive after which he left her but they got back together and started living together.

After several years, he started abusing her. One day he broke her son’s hand upon defending his mother and beaten Diane violently. He was convicted for this violence but he falsely accused Diane that she did not disclose her HIV status and had unprotected sex with him.

译文：罪行变得不那么严重，但刑事指控却加重了。  刑事犯罪代写

严重的性侵犯是最常见的指控。 因此，关于将 HIV 保密定为刑事犯罪的法律迫害了 HIV/AIDS 患者。 这项将保密定为刑事犯罪的法律将每个 HIV 阳性的人都变成了潜在的性犯罪者。 Diane 的案例进一步阐明了 Patten 和 Symington 对 HIV 保密法的看法。 黛安; 一名法裔加拿大妇女与一名在她儿子的足球比赛中认识她的男子建立了亲密关系。 她告诉她她是艾滋病毒阳性，之后他离开了她，但他们又复合并开始同居。 几年后，他开始虐待她。 一天，他在为母亲辩护时折断了她儿子的手，并猛烈地殴打了黛安。 他因这种暴力行为而被定罪，但他错误地指责黛安没有透露她的艾滋病毒状况，并与他发生了无保护的性行为。

Diane was convicted falsely

This shows how the criminalization of HIV nondisclosure is being misused against people living with HIV. There are many other women like Diane and the majority of them are Indigenous with a history of physical abuse, alcoholism, poverty and drug addiction.

Another case of May is given who was convicted for nondisclosure and deported back to Thailand upon infecting her Canadian husband. May had a low level of literacy and she could not speak English she was oblivious of her status as nobody mentioned it on her immigration to Canada. Thus, she was falsely convicted (Patten & Symington; Kilty).

译文：黛安被错误地定罪

这表明 HIV 不披露的刑事定罪如何被滥用于 HIV 感染者。 还有很多像黛安这样的女性，她们中的大多数是土著人，有身体虐待、酗酒、贫穷和吸毒成瘾的历史。

梅的另一个案例是因未披露信息而被定罪，并在感染了她的加拿大丈夫后被驱逐回泰国。 梅的识字率很低，她不会说英语，她忘记了自己的身份，因为没有人在她移民加拿大时提到过这一点。 因此，她被错误地定罪（Patten & Symington; Kilty）。

Question 4

The traditional familial realities are still unequal and gendered in various respects. These gender-based legal assumptions come under the unity doctrine where women are assumed to be more responsible towards domestic labor and children.

Feminists demand the equal treatment of fathers and oppose the gender-based legal norms as they lead to unequal social relations and put an extra burden on women affecting their health. A new Family Law Act has been introduced which changed the post-separation parenting regulation.

Marriage has become a contested terrain lately in Canada along with many other European nations. Gay and lesbian couples have lobbied for the right to get married stating that they require legal and social equality. According to the unity of doctrine, marriage has a special significance in religion,

译文：问题 4  刑事犯罪代写

传统的家庭现实在各个方面仍然不平等和性别化。 这些基于性别的法律假设遵循统一原则，在该原则下，女性被认为对家务劳动和儿童负有更大的责任。

女权主义者要求平等对待父亲，反对基于性别的法律规范，因为它们会导致不平等的社会关系，并给女性带来额外的负担，影响她们的健康。 新的《家庭法》已经出台，改变了分居后的养育规定。

婚姻近来与许多其他欧洲国家一样，已成为加拿大的一个有争议的领域。 男同性恋和女同性恋夫妇游说争取结婚权，声明他们需要法律和社会平等。 根据教义的统一性，婚姻在宗教中具有特殊的意义，

it is romantic as well sacred.

It is considered a highly regarded relationship between man and woman. It was considered a heart of Canadian society. The unity doctrine made the Canadian concede sexual relations, birth and childrearing only within the premises of marriage. They set penalties for those who strayed including ostracism by the community and the church.

These concepts of rewards and punishments made options other than marriage unthinkable. The doctrine of coverture described the roles of men and women profoundly.

William Blackstone a renowned commentator on laws perceived that marriage makes husband and wife into one person the legal existence and the very being of the women is suspended when they get married and her existence is integrated into her husband, under whom she gets protection.

译文：它既浪漫又神圣。

它被认为是男女之间备受推崇的关系。 它被认为是加拿大社会的心脏。 统一原则使加拿大人只承认在婚姻范围内发生性关系、生育和育儿。 他们对那些误入歧途的人进行处罚，包括受到社区和教会的排斥。

这些奖励和惩罚的概念使婚姻以外的选择变得不可想象。 隐蔽学说深刻地描述了男人和女人的角色。

著名的法律评论家威廉·布莱克斯通认为，婚姻使夫妻合二为一成为合法存在，而女性的存在在她们结婚时就被暂停，她的存在与丈夫融为一体，在丈夫的保护下她得到了保护。

Women are submissive to her husband.

However, the role of the husband was defined as the one who provides and protects. The wife is solely responsible to sustain the marriage. Before the 20th century, marriage was embedded into legal traditions and religion. The unity doctrine made the Canadian government realize that the state does have business in the nation’s business.

Thus they started implementing the gender-based legal regulation until a leader from the left-wing took the charge of the country like Pierre Elliott Trudeau. Unity doctrine did not let the Canadian access the divorce depicting the fragility of the institution called marriage.

The British Common Law made the families operate under strict patriarchal and hierarchical standards. This law stated that women have no rights to their property and children, thus children are the property of their fathers. These rules were power disincentive against women (Boyd; LENON).

译文：女人对丈夫顺从。  刑事犯罪代写

然而，丈夫的角色被定义为提供和保护的人。 妻子全权负责维持婚姻。 在 20 世纪之前，婚姻被嵌入到法律传统和宗教中。 统一原则使加拿大政府意识到，国家确实与国家事务有关。

因此，他们开始实施基于性别的法律法规，直到左翼领导人像皮埃尔·埃利奥特·特鲁多 (Pierre Elliott Trudeau) 一样接管了国家。 团结教义并没有让加拿大人获得离婚，这描绘了称为婚姻的制度的脆弱性。

英国普通法使家庭在严格的父权制和等级标准下运作。 该法规定，妇女对自己的财产和子女没有权利，因此子女是父亲的财产。 这些规则对女性具有抑制作用（博伊德；列侬）。

Question 6

In Canada, intimate partner violence constitutes nearly one-third of the reported crimes every year. According to victims, the legal system is complicating the efforts to eradicate this trend. One of such cases is of Susan who is so afraid of her ex-husband that she denied disclosing her identity in mainstream media.

Susan was repeatedly assaulted by her husband who even tried to strangle her and threatened her to death. However, he was found guilty for only one charge, he somehow drags out their divorce making Susan financially devastated that she eventually filed for bankruptcy. He claimed that her experience with the Canadian legal system was traumatic.

Today, she even regrets reporting those incidents of violence by her husband. There are plenty of stories like that of Susan that indicate the fragility of the Canadian legal system and how it is exacerbating the IPV incidents. One of the reasons behind this broken legal system of Canada regarding IPV was the existence of conflicting definitions of violence.

Moreover, it clearly states that the government of Canada does not have any overarching strategy to address the increasing incidence of family violence. According to Susan, some of the issues she has found in the Canadian legal system are communication failure,

译文：问题 6

在加拿大，亲密伴侣暴力占每年报告犯罪的近三分之一。据受害者称，法律制度使消除这一趋势的努力复杂化。其中一个案例是苏珊，她非常害怕她的前夫，以至于她拒绝在主流媒体上披露自己的身份。

苏珊多次遭到丈夫的殴打，丈夫甚至试图勒死她并威胁她。然而，他只因一项指控被判有罪，他以某种方式拖延了他们的离婚，使苏珊在经济上遭受重创，她最终申请破产。他声称她在加拿大法律制度方面的经历是创伤性的。

今天，她甚至后悔报道了她丈夫的那些暴力事件。有很多像苏珊这样的故事表明加拿大法律体系的脆弱性以及它如何加剧 IPV 事件。加拿大关于 IPV 的这种破碎的法律体系背后的原因之一是存在相互冲突的暴力定义。

此外，它明确指出，加拿大政府没有任何总体战略来解决日益增加的家庭暴力事件。据苏珊说，她在加拿大法律制度中发现的一些问题是沟通失败，

lacking clarity and staffing issues.

These issues jeopardized her case and turned her vulnerable. For instance, Susan once shared with authorities that she shared her number with the police officer when she was assaulted she called on that number repeatedly but the police officer never bothers to answer. She also shared that it took her months to check in with her ex-probation officer.

And when she learned that her husband has successfully petitioned the court to lift the restraining order she filed against her, it was already too late. Thus, Nneka MacGregor states that the criminal justice system regarding IPV is still debilitated and defective as it making women like Susan and many others suffer more than before.

To end this violence against women men can play an active role in developing women's shelter and crisis centers for women. The laws are needed to be reformed. Even the men who do not use violence have turned blind eye to the range of issues and violence against women.

译文：缺乏清晰度和人员配备问题。 刑事犯罪代写 

这些问题危及她的案子并使她变得脆弱。 例如，苏珊曾向当局透露，她在遭到殴打时与警官分享了她的号码，她反复拨打该号码，但警官从不费心回答。 她还分享说，她花了几个月的时间与她的前缓刑官进行核实。

当她得知她的丈夫已成功向法院申请解除她对她提出的限制令时，已经太晚了。 因此，Nneka MacGregor 指出，关于 IPV 的刑事司法系统仍然虚弱和有缺陷，因为它使像 Susan 和许多其他人这样的女性比以前遭受更多的痛苦。

为了结束这种针对女性的暴力行为，男性可以在为女性建立女性庇护所和危机中心方面发挥积极作用。 法律需要改革。 即使是不使用暴力的男性也对一系列问题和针对女性的暴力行为视而不见。

This attitude needs to be changed.

Moreover, men should not take a passive stance even though they never used violence themselves. Many men in North America are outspoken in supporting women who are taking part in movements against violence. Such men are highly appreciated by women in society.

Men's involvement in women’s organization has become necessary as they could play a crucial role in spreading the awareness among their male fellows about the women issues which emanate as a result of IPV. The impact of the women’s movement has a tremendous impact on Canada and made possible the creation of the White Ribbon (Kaufman; Nicholson, 2020).

译文：这种态度需要改变。

此外，即使男性自己从未使用过暴力，也不应该采取被动的立场。 北美的许多男性直言不讳地支持参与反暴力运动的女性。 这样的男人在社会上受到女性的高度评价。

男性参与女性组织变得必要，因为他们可以在男性同事中传播对 IPV 导致的女性问题的认识方面发挥关键作用。 妇女运动的影响对加拿大产生了巨大影响，并使白丝带的创建成为可能（考夫曼；尼科尔森，2020 年）。

Question 8

The Canada Health Act and the Charter has become important for the pro-choice movement within the country. It was aided, again by the will of Dr. Morgentaler as well as other doctors to challenge federal and provincial abortion regulations. In 1984 the clinics were cleared of illegal providing abortions by a jury subsequently,

the Ontario Government appealed this decision. When this happened, Morgentaler appealed this decision to the Supreme Court of Canada. Then, in January 1988, the Supreme Court of Canada provided order in favor of Morgentaler, Smoling, Scott, and struck down law of abortion.  The 1969 law neither assured access to abortion nor finished the debate of abortion.

Following the Supreme Court of Canada 1988 decision, various provinces passed regulations to limit the access to abortion. Reproductive justice is a term that includes affordable contraceptives, equal access to safe abortion, comprehensive sex education, and freedom from the sexual violence.