Research paper怎么写？职业【Paper代写】揭秘写作规范_paper代写

            <p style="text-align: center"><img src="https://paperdaixie.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/20210112071419-5ffd4c4bdd632.png" title="1.png" alt="1.png" width="500" height="372" border="0" vspace="0" style="width: 500px;height: 372px" /></p>

paperdaixie.com论文服务-【essay代笔】【assignment代笔】全球在线创作管理中心，调查报告的创作标准，也可做为实验数据创作参照。以下：

Title 题目

AIM: To clearly identify your research project

总体目标：确立你的课题研究

Objective: Be specific to your study

实际总体目标：特殊于你的科学研究

Common Mistakes: General headings, or long and complex descriptions

普遍不正确：题目一般，或是叙述冗杂又繁杂

Abstract 引言

AIM: To summarise all aspects of your report in ~150 words

总体目标：在150字内汇总你汇报的全部层面。

Objective：

Briefly summarise information from each section of the report, including:

Area and aim of study

Experimental design , number of subjects

Main results (state the direction of the findings) and whether significant

Main aspects of discussion summarised

实际总体目标：

简短地从汇报的每一个一部分汇总信息内容，包含：

科学研究的范畴和目地

实验方案设计，试验观查样本数

关键結果（叙述调查报告的发展趋势）及其是不是更有意义

汇总探讨的关键难题

Common Mistakes：

Not written as a coherent section

Biased (unbalanced) summary of the sections ie too much procedure/detailed description of own study

Not written in the order of the report

Too long

Not a single paragraph

Vague and uninformative

普遍不正确：

创作断断续续

自身试验的一部分汇总有片面性（不平衡），既有太多的程序流程/关键点叙述。

沒有依照汇报的次序来写

过长

并不是单独文章段落

模糊不清和无信息内容

Introduction 详细介绍

AIM: To provide the reader with necessary background theory and research to outline your research question and explain your study

总体目标：出示给阅读者必需的情况基础理论和科学研究来简述你的科学研究难题并表述

Objective：

Outline the topic area

Clearly define relevant theory

Provide a detailed literature review of main theories and major empirical work in the area

Must cite relevant works: Distance – Hayes et al (I986); Ojanpaa & Nasenen (2003); Culture – Caparos et al (2012), Davidoff et al (2008)

Provide a clear justification for why the experiment was run:

Clearly state the hypotheses

实际总体目标：

简述主题风格范畴

确立界定有关基础理论

出示关键基础理论的详尽参考文献和此行业的关键实证研究工作中

务必例举有关著作：（举例说明）

出示确立的原因表明试验为什么这般开展

确立阐述假定內容

Common Mistakes：

Review of relevant literature is not adequately extensive

Largely summary of Lab Talk

General statements with little supporting evidence

Review is poorly referenced

Description of own study only

General hypothesis (e.g. the lV will affect the DV)

Hypothesis not written as a paragraph but as a list or as a new section. Should not be bullet-pointed.

普遍不正确：

对有关参考文献的具体描述不足普遍

对试验专题讲座的大约汇总

具体描述的直接证据非常少

文献引用不善

仅有对自身试验的叙述

假定十分普遍

假定并不是做为独立的文章段落只是做为一份目录或新的一个一部分。不能用项目符号标明。

Method 方式

AIM: To clearly report how your study was conducted — the reader should be able to replicate your research from the details provided

总体目标：确立地汇报试验是怎样开展的 – 阅读者应当可以从出示的详细资料拷贝你的科学研究

Objective：

This section should be correctly structured into appropriate sub-headings:

Design—Have you clearly defined your variables?

Participants – How many, who were they?

Materials/stimuli

Computer, Software, Stimulus

Procedure – report the task instructions, how participants responded. Have you detailed:

How participants conducted experiment

Summarised instructions

How did they record their answers？

How long did it take approximately?

实际总体目标：

这些应当被恰当地梳理成相对的子标题：

实验方案设计——是不是确立界定了自变量

参加者——几个人？她们到底是谁？

原材料/推动要素

电脑上、手机软件、推动物

程序流程——纪录试验分配任务, 参加者们怎样回应。是不是详细说明：

参加者们怎样开展试验

试验全过程简述

怎样纪录回答

试验大约用了多久

Common Mistakes：

Appropriate sub-headings not used

Information is mixed up and provided under incorrect sub-headings or repeated

e.g. Procedure is detailed in the Design

e.g. Design or Stimuli is in the Procedure

Design is unspecified

Materials poorly described

Procedure — report the experimental procedure not the lab procedure

Experimental procedure lacking in detail

普遍不正确：

沒有应用适度的副标题

信息内容混在一起，副标题不正确

未详细描述实验方案设计

原材料沒有详细说明

程序流程——纪录实验步骤而不是试验全过程

实验步骤欠缺关键点

Results 結果

AIM: To describe your summary and analysis of the data in relation to the hypothesis

总体目标：叙述有关假定的简述和数据统计分析

Objectives：

This should include for each hypothesis in turn:

Hypothesis at the start

Clearly stated and consistent with that at end of intro.

Data is summarised and explained using appropriate descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) in the text

Include bar graph with error bars

State whether your means are consistent with your hypothesis (or not)

Provide the appropriate inferential statistic (necessary for acceptance/rejection of hypothesis)

State which test you are using

State which means your test is comparing (e.g. mean HSF response percentage)

Report results correctly for each hypothesis, e.g. F(L76) = 22.96, p<0.05, eta = 0.2

Provide pairwise comparison summary

Re-state the hypothesis in terms of your findings at the end

实际总体目标：

理应先后包括每一个假定：

一开始的假定

确立论述并与详细介绍末尾的假定保持一致

归纳数据信息并应用适度的描述统计（均值、标准偏差）来表述它

包含柱形图和误差线

表明均值是不是与假定一致

明确提出适合的逻辑推理统计分析（对假定的接纳/否认很必须）

表明应用了哪种检测

表明你的检测結果和什么来做比较

精确纪录每一个假定的結果

出示成对较为的简述

在最终根据试验結果再次明确提出假定

Common Mistakes：

Poorly written — lack of text or not written as a coherent section; bullet points.

Raw data/ calculations included

Do not report individual subject data or lab data

Do not present histograms checking for normality – part of the lab, not report.

Tables/graphs used in place of text

Graphs/tables are not correctly titled or labelled

Error bars are not correctly displayed on the graphs

Descriptive statistics nor provided or lacking.

Do not import tables/graphs from statistical packages

F-tests reported in a table — only report in the text

Do not explain how your descriptive/inferential statistics were calculated

Do not discuss theoretical inferences and implications of your results

Pairwise comparisons misinterpreted or not presented.

普遍不正确：

写的不太好——缺乏文本或创作断断续续；项目符号

包含原始记录和测算

不必汇报主观性数据信息或检验数据信息

不必出現常态化条形图查验——它是试验而不是汇报的一部分

数据图表替代文字出現

数据图表的题目或标识不正确

数据图表中误差线沒有恰当显示信息

欠缺描述统计

不必从统计分析程序包里导进数据图表

不必表述你是怎样叙述/推论统计分析测算的

不必探讨結果的基础理论推论或蕴涵的实际意义

成对较为被不正确讲解或未出示

Discussion 探讨

AIM: Theoretical discussion of research findings. This should focus on your study.

总体目标：对研究发现的基础理论讨论。这理应致力于你的科学研究。

Objectives：

Re-state your results and whether your hypotheses were supported – briefly

Theoretical implications – you should have demonstrated an understanding of the experiment and consider the implications of your findings

Relate your results to previous research: state how your findings compare/contrast with findings of other research

Assess the validity of your research — are there any confounding variables/design problems?

Future research — you should have adequately discussed the scope and limitations of your study, and suggested questions that should be considered in future research, providing a relevant citation.

实际总体目标：

简约地再度表明你的結果及其你的假定是不是获得了适用。

基础理论启发——你理应早已证实了有关试验的一种了解并考虑到你的发觉的危害

将你的結果与以前的科学研究关联：表明你的发觉怎样与别的研究发现对比/相对性照。

评定你的科学研究的准确性——是不是有一切掺杂自变量/设计方案出错？

未来的科学研究——你理应早已充足探讨了你的科学研究的范畴和限定，并明确提出在未来的科学研究中必须充分考虑的难题，出示有关参考文献。

Common Mistakes：

Results summary should be in text — don’t repeat your means/values

Poor theoretical discussion — current results are not fully explained and discussion is largely about problems with the experiment or possible future studies.

Current results are not interpreted in terms of theoretical models and previous research

Avoid generic criticisms (e.g. more data, fewer students etc.)

Future research questions are poorly (if at all) justified – no citation. ‘

Lengthy discussion of previous research/competing theories which is not informed by the current study

普遍不正确：

結果概述理应用文字说明——不必反复你的方式/标值

缺乏基础理论讨论——当今的結果沒有被充足表述，探讨內容绝大多数是有关试验中出現的难题和未来很有可能的科学研究。

沒有根据理论模型和之前的科学研究来表述当今結果

绕开了普遍的异议

未来的科学研究难题沒有被充分证明——沒有引用文献格式

有关之前科学研究/竞争基础理论的冗杂探讨，和当今科学研究没有太大的关系

References 论文参考文献

AIM: To credit original research; to direct reader to original source

总体目标：信赖独创性科学研究，将阅读者导向性初始来源于

Objectives：All evidence mentioned in the text should be correctly referenced (name, date of research)

实际总体目标：在文字中提及的全部直接证据都理应被恰当引入（姓名，時间，研究方向）

Common Mistakes：

Researchers / dates not stated in the text (e.g. general statements, ‘research suggests…)

Reference section not in alphabetical order

Minor errors in formatting

普遍不正确：

学者/時间沒有在文字中标明

参考书沒有按字母顺序排序

文件格式不正确

汇总

Overall Comments：

Throughout the research report, you are assessed according to these learning outcomes:

Quality of the research carried out (both literature search and practical research skills)

There is evidence of extensive research and breadth of reading.

Level of knowledge, comprehension and evaluation of the topic:

You have clearly understood the purpose and implications of the study.

Quality of the academic communication:

It is clearly written, well-structured, in own words, lacking quotes, and professionally presented

There are grammatical and spelling errors.

汇总：

围绕实验数据前因后果，你可能被依据这种学习效率开展评定：

科学研究进行的品质（包含文献资料和实践活动探寻的专业技能）

能够表明科学研究深度广度与阅读深层

专业知识水准，对科学研究主题风格的了解和点评：

你早已清晰了解了科学研究的和实际意义

学术论坛的品质：

实验数据创作清楚，构造优良，应用自身的語言，缺乏引入，反映专业能力

有英语的语法和语法错误

        </div>